• Real estate brokerage, search costs, and price formation under broker involvement. Real estate markets show price formation heavily shaped by broker-mediated search, listing strategies, and reservation prices, with commissions and MLS design influencing buyer and seller behavior and transaction prices across static and dynamic settings [2], [4], [8], [11], [5], [3], [13].

• Bid-Ask spread decomposition and market microstructure. Bid-ask spreads arise from information asymmetry and other frictions, enabling decomposition into information-driven and non-informational components; empirical tests reveal how spreads reflect liquidity costs and information advantages [17], [1], [18], [6].

• Information, signaling, and strategic behavior under imperfect competition. The literature shows traders exploit durable private information and signals, with imperfect competition shaping price dynamics and depth [15], [9], [1], [18].

• Equilibrium and price dispersion under search frictions. The equilibrium pricing around heterogeneous buyers/sellers depends on search costs, allowing discrete or continuous price distributions, with theoretical results and empirical tests [3], [6], [4], [7].

• Incentive design and agency in brokered markets. Brokerage commissions influence selling effort, reservation prices, and pricing strategies in housing markets, illustrating principal-agent dynamics and their market performance [5], [13], [8], [2].